Depression, clinically known as major depressive disorder (MDD), is characterized by a pervasive and persistent low mood accompanied by low self-esteem and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.
Unlike occasional sadness, depressive symptoms are chronic and can severely impact one’s ability to function in everyday life.
In addition to MDD, there are other types of depression, including:
- Persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia): Johns Hopkins Medicine defines dysthymia as “milder, yet more longer lasting form of major depression. People with this illness may also have major depression at times.”
Bipolar disorder: Bipolar I and II are personality disorders. This condition is characterized by mood swings between mania and major depression.
- Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD): If your mood is impacted by the time of year, you may have SAD. Many folks experience lower moods in the late fall and winter. However, some people also experience feelings of depression in the spring or summer months.
Postpartum depression (PPD): Some women are overwhelmed and anxious after they give birth. Postpartum depression can include feelings or thoughts you don’t love or care for your baby. Feeling hopeless after birth is not uncommon – and it’s treatable.
Each type shares common features but differs in severity, duration, and cause. But it’s important to remember that, regardless of type, there’s hope. Treatments exist to help manage and improve your condition.
